1. Positive Punishment: When a child misbehaves and a parent scolds them, this is an example of positive punishment. The parent is adding something (the scolding) to decrease the likelihood of the child misbehaving in the future.

2. Negative Reinforcement: If a student completes their homework on time and is praised by their teacher, this is an example of negative reinforcement. The teacher is removing something (the feeling of not meeting expectations) to increase the likelihood of the student completing their homework on time in the future.

3. Positive Punishment: A dog jumps on the couch and the owner sprays it with water, this is an example of positive punishment. The owner is adding something (the water spray) to decrease the likelihood of the dog jumping on the couch in the future.

4. Negative Reinforcement: A salesperson meets their monthly target and their manager removes the requirement for them to work on weekends, this is an example of negative reinforcement. The manager is removing something (the requirement to work on weekends) to increase the likelihood of the salesperson reaching their target in the future.

5. Positive Punishment: A student is caught cheating on a test and is given detention, this is an example of positive punishment. The teacher is adding something (the detention) to decrease the likelihood of the student cheating in the future.

6. Negative Reinforcement: A child cries and throws a tantrum when they have to go to bed, and their parent allows them to stay up later, this is an example of negative reinforcement. The parent is removing something (the crying and tantrum) to increase the likelihood of the child going to bed without a fuss in the future.

7. Positive Punishment: A driver speeds and is given a ticket by the police, this is an example of positive punishment. The police are adding something (the ticket) to decrease the likelihood of the driver speeding in the future.

8. Negative Reinforcement: An employee receives positive feedback from their boss for finishing a project ahead of schedule, this is an example of negative reinforcement. The boss is removing something (the pressure to finish on time) to increase the likelihood of the employee finishing projects ahead of schedule in the future.

9. Positive Punishment: A student talks back to a teacher and is given extra homework, this is an example of positive punishment. The teacher is adding something (the extra homework) to decrease the likelihood of the student talking back in the future.

10. Negative Reinforcement: A child cleans their room without being asked and their parent lets them choose what to have for dinner, this is an example of negative reinforcement. The parent is removing something (the chore of cleaning the room) to increase the likelihood of the child cleaning their room without being asked in the future.

11. Positive Punishment: A sports player breaks the rules during a game and is given a yellow card, this is an example of positive punishment. The referee is adding something (the yellow card) to decrease the likelihood of the player breaking the rules in the future.

12. Negative Reinforcement: A student is struggling in math class and is given extra tutoring sessions by their teacher, this is an example of negative reinforcement. The teacher is removing something (the struggle in math class) to increase the likelihood of the student improving their math skills in the future.

In conclusion, positive punishment and negative reinforcement are two common strategies used to modify behavior. By understanding these concepts and using them effectively, individuals can encourage positive behavior and discourage negative behavior in various settings.